Understanding Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term encompassing various conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. Common examples include:
- Coronary artery disease: Narrowing or blockage of arteries supplying blood to the heart.
- Heart attack (myocardial infarction): Heart muscle damage due to insufficient blood flow.
- Stroke: Disruption of blood supply to the brain, often from a clot or bleeding.
- Heart failure: The heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.
Several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing CVD:
- High blood pressure (hypertension): Places extra strain on the heart and blood vessels.
- Smoking: Contributes significantly to arterial plaque buildup.
- Unhealthy diet: Diets high in saturated and trans fats, salt, and sugar negatively impact cardiovascular health.
- Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity is associated with various heart conditions.
- Excessive alcohol consumption: Can elevate blood pressure and lead to heart failure.
To reduce CVD risk, consider these steps:
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.